An innovative type of scintillator fabric, developed by researchers at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, could be a game-changer in the world of medical imaging. This totally inorganic, flexible fabric, also called “X-Wear”, offers an alternative to traditional, rigid X-ray detectors and could make wearable X-ray applications possible. The result? Greater freedom of movement for patients, better applicability in mobile care and perhaps even integration into workwear or wearable technology.
X-rays have played a crucial role in diagnostics for decades, from detecting bone fractures to early detection of tumours. The technique relies mainly on so-called scintillators: materials that convert X-rays into visible light. The development and research were recently published in Science Advances.
Flexible X-ray fabric
Until now, these materials have been rigid and fragile, limiting both the positioning of patients and the design of imaging equipment. The team led by Li Xu used sol-gel electrospinning to develop a textile-like material with inorganic fibres that is not only flexible but also extremely strong.
The X-Wear fabric generates a signal that is up to ten times stronger than previous flexible polymer-based alternatives. It thus combines the sensitivity of traditional materials with the versatility of a textile fabric. The fabric is breathable, lightweight and can be processed into a variety of shapes. This opens up new possibilities, such as:
- Wearable X-ray detectors for monitoring at home or on the go;
- Visual monitoring of radiation exposure in high-risk work environments;
- Radiation-resistant clothing that is both comfortable and effective.
Still plenty of challenges
Although integration with flexible photodetectors is still under development, the technology is already showing potential. However, there are still questions about large-scale production, cost-effectiveness and skin safety during prolonged contact.
This research brings the realisation of future-proof, patient-friendly imaging one step closer. Especially at a time when healthcare is increasingly shifting to the home environment, there is a need for smart, flexible technologies. X-Wear shows that innovation can literally be woven into the fabric.
Innovations in X-ray technology
X-rays were discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen at the end of the 19th century, and it took barely a year before doctors recognised the added value of this discovery and applied it for the first time in medical diagnostics. The Chinese study shows that there is still plenty of room for innovation in X-ray technology. Last year, researchers at Penn State University developed a technique that makes it possible to display standard black-and-white X-ray images in colour.
Another development that has been underway for some time is the development of (various) AI solutions that improve the analysis and assessment of X-ray images. One such tool, Annalise.ai, has been used in England for some time to analyse chest X-rays for lung cancer screening.
